Features of good paragraph in english

A paragraph is a collection of sentences which all relate to one main idea or topic. Effective paragraphs have four main characteristics: a topic sentence, unity, coherence, and adequate development. Each of these characteristics is discussed below.

Unity

Unity refers to the extent to which all of the ideas contained within a given paragraph "hang together" in a way that is easy for the reader to understand. When the writer changes to a new idea -- one which is not consistent with the topic sentence of the paragraph -- the writer should begin a new paragraph. Unity is important because it aids the reader in following along with the writer's ideas. The reader can expect that a given paragraph will deal only with one main topic; when a new paragraph begins, this signals that the writer is moving on to a new topic.

Coherence

Coherence refers to the extent to which the flow of ideas in a paragraph is easily understood by the reader. For this reason, coherence is closely related to unity. When a writer changes main ideas or topics within a paragraph, confusion often results. To achieve coherence, then, a writer should show how all of the ideas contained in a paragraph are relevant to the main topic.

Adequate Development

A paragraph is adequately developed when it describes, explains and supports the topic sentence. If the "promise" of the topic sentence is not fulfilled, or if the reader is left with questions after reading the paragraph, the paragraph has not been adequately developed. Generally speaking, a paragraph which consists of only two or three sentences is under-developed. A good rule of thumb to follow is to make sure that a paragraph contains at least four sentences which explain and elaborate on the topic sentence.

Topic Sentences

Beginning a paragraph with a topic sentence is one of the best ways to achieve clarity and unity in one's writing. The function of a topic sentence is to describe what the paragraph will be about, such that the reader has clear expectations about what will follow. An effective topic sentence typically contains only one main idea. The remainder of the paragraph then develops that idea more fully, offering supporting points and examples. After reading a topic sentence, one should be able to anticipate the type of information contained in the rest of the paragraph. If the remainder of the paragraph does not fulfill the "promise" of the topic sentence, the paragraph will lack unity, coherence and adequate development.
22:19

Passive And Active Listening

Active vs passive listenerPassive Listening is listening without reacting:
  • Allowing someone to speak, without interrupting
  • Not doing anything else at the same time
Active listening is reacting or doing something that demonstrates you are listening and have understood.
  • Giving non-verbal cues to demonstrate you are paying attention (nodding, making eye contact, making facial expressions appropriate to what is being said)
  • Reflecting back the main points and summarising what has been said
22:10

Guidelines For Listening Well

Prior to listening:
  • stop whatever you were doing
  • arrange the chairs comfortably, eg: in ten-to-two format
  • ideally, sit in comfortable/easy chairs
  • remove any barriers between you - eg: don't sit on the other side of a desk
  • ensure there will not be any interruptions - close the office door and put your phone on divert
  • If you anticipate making notes, get the person's permission. Be aware that this may formalise the discussion and thereby restrict the openness of information you may be given.
As the person is speaking:
  • Focus completely on what the person is saying. Don't do any other activity or think about any other topic.
  • Mentally note the main points they are making, ready for summarising.
  • Listen not only to the words that are said, but also the tone of voice and body language - eg: if they are nervous, excited, depressed.
  • If any relevant points occur to you, don't say them immediately - keep them on a separate mental list of your own ideas, for use at an appropriate point.
  • Don't think about your own ideas so that you end up not listening, or forgetting what the person has said.
  • Don't interrupt.
  • Don't ask questions (questions are a push or pull, not active listening).
22:07

What is the difference between listening And hearing

Listening Skills

Listening goes far beyond your natural hearing process. It means paying attention to the words that are being spoken with the intention of understanding the other person. Your personal perceptions and prejudices can affect the quality of your listening skills. For example, if you feel your are better off (financially, intellectually, socially) than the person you are listening to, you may dismiss much of what she is saying because of your perceived superiority.

Hearing

You can hear someone speak without listening to the words. Hearing defines only the physical measurement of the sound waves that are transmitted to the ear and into the brain where they are processed into audible information. Hearing occurs with or without your consent. The National Youth Council says hearing is such a passive quality, it occurs even while you sleep. For example, while you are at home, you might hear the sound of other people talking, sound of cooking in the kitchen, sound of television, and sound of anything that is happening around. 

Hearing Vs Listening - A Summary

S. No.
Hearing
Listening
1.
It is a physical ability and not a conscious act (Physiological)
 It is a skill and is a conscious act (Psychological)
2.
Is hearing randomly
Is listening intentionally and analysing
3.
Everyone hears unless there is a physical disability
Not everyone listens
4.
Perceiving sound by the ear
Making an effort to hear and it involves reception, analysis, interpretation and response
5.
Involuntary
Voluntary
6.
You just hear sound and noise but do not understand much
You understand what is being said or heard
7.
Does not need focus
Needs focus and care
8.
Hearing uses only one of the five senses which is hearing
Listening uses hearing, seeing and sometimes the sense of touch too
9.
Receiving sound vibrations
Observing the behaviour and adding meaning to what the speaker says
10.
Passive
Active
21:54


19:32

Aao Raja - Gabbar Is Back | Chitrangada Singh | Yo Yo Honey Singh & Neha Kakkar

18:38

I always dream of working in large tech companies like Google or Facebook, but my algorithm skill is bad. What should I do?

If you are not passionate about algorithm contests, move on to some other tracks. From my experience, very few of the Googlers or Facebook engineers were programming contestants. I actually discourage to do programming contests to get a job at large firms as there are some better and easier tracks available for this purpose. Becoming a very good programming contestant to get a job at large companies is kind of an overkill IMHO and if you don't enjoy contest itself then I guess this attempt will go in vain.

Now if you want to do better in any track (programming contest, readability, music whatever) the rule of thumb is to do a lot of practice. Look at you, you can solve easy problems :) A lot of people can't solve those easy problems. The term, "Easy" differs from person to person. So some types of algorithm problems are well under your control. Try to expand your realm and learn some more and still you would say, "I can solve only easy problems." After quite a while you will find out that, "woh! interview questions for companies like Facebook, Google are also easy!" And then it comes.

But once again, if your sole purpose and aim is to get a job at large companies, become very good at something more practical like, networking, OOP, distributed system instead. These are better bait than algorithm contest to get a good job IMHO.
18:06
Which Language is best one in C# and C,C++,java ?
  • If you are developing applications for Windows desktops or for Windows phone, then C#.
  • If you are developing a PC game or writing an OS, then C or C++.
  • If you are writing server applications (e.g. web or mobile), or targeting Android phones, then Java.
  • If you are targeting iPhones/iPads, then ObjectiveC or Swift.
  • If you are building the browser side of an application, then Javascript.

   The concept of "which one is best" is silly.
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